Fw: Excess of Mesotheliomas after Exposure to Chrysotile in Balangero, Italy.

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From: HubMed - mesothelioma <rssfwd@rssfwd.com>
To: shell8377@yahoo.com
Sent: Saturday, June 7, 2008 2:02:29 AM
Subject: Excess of Mesotheliomas after Exposure to Chrysotile in Balangero, Italy.

[1]Occup Environ Med. 2008 Jun 4;
Mirabelli D, Calisti R, Barone Adesi F, Fornero E, Merletti F, Magnani C

CONTEXT: Chrysotile from the mine in Balangero, Italy, is considered to be tremolite-free. In a cohort study of miners and millers only two pleural cancers were reported, a finding considered to contribute evidence that chrysotile has a low potency for inducing mesothelioma. However, follow-up ended in 1987 and white-collar workers and employees of sub-contractors were not studied. Population and METHODS: To complete the case ascertainment, we searched the Registry of Malignant Mesotheliomas of Piedmont for records of cases among: mine employees; employees of subcontractors or of other firms transporting or refining Balangero asbestos, asbestos ore or mine tailings; individuals exposed to air pollution from the mine or living with mine employees; and individuals exposed to mine tailings from Balangero. RESULTS: We identified 4 new cases of pleural mesothelioma among blue-collar workers in the mine, in addition to the two reported in the cohort study. Thus, 6 mesotheliomas occurred, compared to 1.5 expected (p 

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Fw: Uroplakin is not a Reliable Immunohistochemical Marker for Malignant Mesothelioma of the Pleura.

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To: shell8377@yahoo.com
Sent: Saturday, June 7, 2008 2:02:29 AM
Subject: Uroplakin is not a Reliable Immunohistochemical Marker for Malignant Mesothelioma of the Pleura.

[1]Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2008 Jun 3;
Butnor KJ, Ordonez NG

AIM: To analyze the immunohistochemical expression of uroplakin (URO) in pleural malignant mesothelioma (PMM). METHODS AND RESULTS: We analyzed URO expression in PMM using similar immunohistochemical techniques at 2 separate institutions. At an antibody dilution of 1:10, 0/5 PMMs were immunoreactive for URO. At 1:8, diffuse weak cytoplasmic staining was seen in all 38 PMMs tested, but no membrane staining was observed. Adjacent nontumor tissue and positive control tissue showed cytoplasmic staining of equivalent intensity. Similar staining results were observed in 27 PMMs at a 1:5 dilution. CONCLUSIONS: At an antibody dilution for which positive and negative control tissues stain appropriately, PMM does not stain for URO. At higher antibody concentrations, PMM exhibits nonspecific cytoplasmic staining. We assert that URO is not a useful immunohistochemical marker for the detection of PMM. Further studies addressing whether URO is overexpressed at the mRNA level in PMM are warranted.



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Fw: Diagnostic usefulness and challenges in the diagnosis of mesothelioma by endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration.

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From: HubMed - mesothelioma <rssfwd@rssfwd.com>
To: shell8377@yahoo.com
Sent: Saturday, June 7, 2008 2:02:29 AM
Subject: Diagnostic usefulness and challenges in the diagnosis of mesothelioma by endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration.

[1]Diagn Cytopathol. 2008 Jun 4; 36(7): 503-507
Bakdounes K, Jhala N, Jhala D

Malignant mesothelioma is a rare neoplasm. It has been noted in the literature that fine needle aspiration (FNA) is a useful tool for the diagnosis of mesothelioma. However, the differential diagnosis may require use of a battery of immunohistochemical stains. Clinico-radiologic correlation is also crucial. Real time endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) combined with FNA has been shown to be a very sensitive technique to obtain samples from different organ sites, including mediastinal lesions. The use of EUS-FNA for the diagnosis of mesothelioma, reinforces the role of a cytopathologist as a cohesive team player along with a radiologist and a clinician during on-site assessment for the proper triage of additional specimens for ancillary studies leading to a better patient management. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2008;36:503-507. (c) 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.



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Fw: Long-term mortality from pleural and peritoneal cancer after exposure to asbestos: Possible role of asbestos clearance.

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From: HubMed - mesothelioma <rssfwd@rssfwd.com>
To: shell8377@yahoo.com
Sent: Saturday, June 7, 2008 2:02:29 AM
Subject: Long-term mortality from pleural and peritoneal cancer after exposure to asbestos: Possible role of asbestos clearance.

[1]Int J Cancer. 2008 Jun 4;
Barone-Adesi F, Ferrante D, Bertolotti M, Todesco A, Mirabelli D, Terracini B, Magnani C

Models based on the multistage theory of carcinogenesis predict that the rate of mesothelioma increases monotonically as a function of time since first exposure (TSFE) to asbestos. Predictions of long-term mortality (TSFE >/= 40 years) are, however, still untested, because of the limited follow-up of most epidemiological studies. Some authors have suggested that the increase in mesothelioma rate with TSFE might be attenuated by clearance of asbestos from the lungs. We estimated mortality time trends from pleural and peritoneal cancer in a cohort of 3,443 asbestos-cement workers, followed for more than 50 years. The functional relation between mesothelioma rate and TSFE was evaluated with various regression models. The role of asbestos clearance was explored using the traditional mesothelioma multistage model, generalized to include a term representing elimination over time. We observed 139 deaths from pleural and 56 from peritoneal cancer during the period 1950-2003. The rate of pleural cancer increased during the first 40 years of TSFE and reached a plateau thereafter. In contrast, the rate of peritoneal cancer increased monotonically with TSFE. The model allowing for asbestos elimination fitted the data better than the traditional model for pleural (p = 0.02) but not for peritoneal cancer (p = 0.22). The risk for pleural cancer, rather than showing an indefinite increase, might reach a plateau when a sufficiently long time has elapsed since exposure. The different trends for pleural and peritoneal cancer might be related to clearance of the asbestos from the workers' lungs. (c) 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.



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Fwd: Intraoperative identification of suspicious palpable lymph nodes as an integral part of sentinel node biopsy in patients with breast cancer.

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From: HubMed - breast cancer <rssfwd@rssfwd.com>
Date: Fri, Jun 20, 2008 at 4:49 AM
Subject: Intraoperative identification of suspicious palpable lymph nodes as an integral part of sentinel node biopsy in patients with breast cancer.
To: mesothelioma77@gmail.com


[1]Surg Today. 2008; 38(5): 390-4
Choi YJ, Kim JH, Nam SJ, Ko YH, Yang JH

PURPOSE: Despite the sensitivity and accuracy of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB), the number of false negative (FN) results is still relatively high, which has prompted much investigation. We studied the effectiveness of the biopsy of suspicious palpable lymph nodes (LNs) in reducing the number of FN results. METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of 865 breast cancer patients who underwent successful SLNB at a single institution. After excising the blue-stained or radioactive nodes, all suspicious palpable LNs that were not either blue-stained or radioactive were also excised. RESULTS: Sampling of a suspicious palpable LN was done in 342 (39.5%) of the 865 patients. The average number of suspicious palpable nodes was 1.9. The suspicious nodes harbored metastasis in 19 of the 342 patients. Both blue-stained and radioactive metastatic SLNs were found in 8 patients, whereas the palpable nodes were the only ones involved in the other 11. LN involvement was identified solely by biopsy of a suspicious palpable LN in 11 (6.5%) of 170 patients with SLN metastasis (6.5%). CONCLUSION: Biopsy of a suspicious palpable LN should be done as part of SLNB to reduce the number of FN results of SLNs in breast cancer patients.



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Fwd: Measles virus induces oncolysis of mesothelioma cells and allows dendritic cells to cross-prime tumor-specific CD8 response.

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From: HubMed - mesothelioma cancer <rssfwd@rssfwd.com>
Date: Fri, Jun 20, 2008 at 4:49 AM
Subject: Measles virus induces oncolysis of mesothelioma cells and allows dendritic cells to cross-prime tumor-specific CD8 response.
To: mesothelioma77@gmail.com


[1]Cancer Res. 2008 Jun 15; 68(12): 4882-92
Gauvrit A, Brandler S, Sapede-Peroz C, Boisgerault N, Tangy F, Gregoire M

Despite conventional medical and surgical treatments, malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) remains incurable. Oncovirotherapy (i.e., the use of replication-competent virus for cancer treatment) is currently explored in clinical trials. In this study, we investigated the antineoplastic potential of a new oncolytic viral agent, a live-attenuated measles virus (MV) strain derived from the Edmonston vaccine lineage (Schwarz strain). We evaluated both oncolytic activity and immunoadjuvant properties of the MV vaccine strain on mesothelioma tumor cells. Infectivity, syncytium formation, and cytolytic activity of MV were studied on a panel of mesothelioma cells derived from pleural effusions of MPM patients. We observed that MV infected preferentially MPM cell lines in comparison with nontransformed mesothelial cells, leading to an efficient killing of a significant fraction of tumor cells. A cytoreductive activity was also evidenced through formation of multinuclear cellular aggregates (syncytia). The susceptibility of MPM cell lines to measles infection was assessed by the analysis of cell surface expression of the MV vaccine receptor (CD46). We also evaluated whether MV infection of mesothelioma cells could elicit an autologous antitumor immune response. We showed that MV Schwarz strain induced apoptotic cell death of infected mesothelioma cells, which were efficiently phagocytosed by dendritic cells (DC). Loading of DCs with MV-infected MPM cells induced DC spontaneous maturation, as evidenced by the increased expression of MHC and costimulatory molecules along with the production of proinflammatory cytokines. Priming of autologous T cells by DCs loaded with MV-infected MPM cells led to a significant proliferation of tumor-specific CD8 T cells. Altogether, these data strongly support the potential of oncolytic MV as an efficient therapeutic agent for mesothelioma cancer.



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Fwd: Schedule-Dependent Synergistic Effect of Pemetrexed Combined with Gemcitabine against Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma and Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Lines.

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From: HubMed - mesothelioma cancer <rssfwd@rssfwd.com>
Date: Fri, Jun 20, 2008 at 4:49 AM
Subject: Schedule-Dependent Synergistic Effect of Pemetrexed Combined with Gemcitabine against Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma and Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Lines.
To: mesothelioma77@gmail.com


[1]Chemotherapy. 2008 Jun 18; 54(3): 166-175
Nagai S, Takenaka K, Sonobe M, Wada H, Tanaka F

Background: Pemetrexed, a multi-targeted antifolate (MTA), is a promising agent in the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). With the aim of finding an optimal schedule for the combination therapy of MTA and gemcitabine (GEM), we investigated their interaction against an MPM cell line, 211H, and the NSCLC cell lines A549 and H1299. Methods: Combination index analysis was used in 3 different schedules. Cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry and real-time RT-PCR analysis of thymidylate synthase (TS), folylpolyglutamate synthetase (FPGS) and reduced folate carrier 1 (RFC1) genes were performed to understand the biological consequences of their interaction. Results: MTA showed potent cytotoxicity against 211H cells (IC(50), 67 nM for 48 h exposure), compared to NSCLC cell lines. Significantly higher expression of FPGS and RFC1 mRNAs in 211H cells were associated with MTA sensitivity. Simultaneous exposure of MTA and GEM was antagonistic in all cell lines tested. Strong synergism was observed in 211H cells when MTA preceded GEM, but the inverted sequence showed antagonism. Similar results were exhibited in H1299 cells, whereas a moderately synergistic effect was observed in A549 cells when GEM preceded MTA. S phase accumulation by MTA treatment partly supported these results. Conclusion: Sequential administration of MTA and GEM is active, and the schedule of MTA followed by GEM is recommended for treating MPM.



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Fwd: Collagen IV levels are elevated in the serum of patients with primary breast cancer compared to healthy volunteers.

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From: HubMed - breast cancer <rssfwd@rssfwd.com>
Date: Fri, Jun 20, 2008 at 4:49 AM
Subject: Collagen IV levels are elevated in the serum of patients with primary breast cancer compared to healthy volunteers.
To: mesothelioma77@gmail.com


[1]Br J Cancer. 2008 Jun 17;
Mazouni C, Arun B, André F, Ayers M, Krishnamurthy S, Wang B, Hortobagyi GN, Buzdar AU, Pusztai L

Collagen IV is a major component of the vascular basement membrane and may be a marker of angiogenesis. Serum levels of this protein are elevated in some human cancers. Our objectives were to compare collagen IV levels in the serum of breast cancer patients and healthy women and to examine changes during preoperative chemotherapy. Sera from 51 patients with stage II-III breast cancer and 55 healthy controls were analysed. Collagen IV level was measured by a commercially available sandwich enzyme link immunoassay. Baseline serum levels were compared between cancer patients and healthy women and paired pre- and post-chemotherapy measurements were also performed in 39 patients who received preoperative chemotherapy and were correlated with response to therapy. The median serum collagen IV concentration was significantly higher in cancer patients (166 mug l(-1)) than in healthy women (115 mug l(-1)), P

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Fwd: Genetic alterations of HLA-class II in ovarian cancer.

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From: HubMed - cancer <rssfwd@rssfwd.com>
Date: Fri, Jun 20, 2008 at 4:49 AM
Subject: Genetic alterations of HLA-class II in ovarian cancer.
To: mesothelioma77@gmail.com


[1]Int J Cancer. 2008 Jun 17;
Kübler K, Arndt PF, Wardelmann E, Landwehr C, Krebs D, Kuhn W, van der Ven K

The immune system controls tumor formation through identification and elimination of cellular alterations. Consequently, cancer development in immune competent hosts depends on strategies to evade the immune system. Modulation of tumor antigen-specific immune responses by aberrant expression of HLA-class I and II molecules is well documented in a variety of carcinomas including ovarian cancer. To date, little data are available about molecular mechanisms responsible for altered HLA-class II phenotypes in tumors. In our sample of 10 Caucasian patients with ovarian carcinoma, a semiquantitative analysis was performed for HLA-class II loci DRB1 and DQB1 in malignant and normal ovarian tissue. Gene amplifications were identified in 62.5% of analyzed alleles and deletions in 17.5%, demonstrating that genomic aberrations of 6p21.3 are common and that copy number gain is more frequent than loss. Moreover, amplifications are most pronounced in advanced-stage tumors. To evaluate genotype-phenotype relation, immunohistochemical analyses were performed and revealed de novo expression of HLA-class II in 30% of tumors with an inverse association between antigen level and HLA copy number. It remains to be elucidated whether the profound changes of the latter quantities are the result of the host's immunological self-defense, indicate the presence of an oncogene located within the MHC-complex or merely reflect the increasing loss of differentiation of the tumor tissue. (c) 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.



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